التعريف

Ishmām is to give a lip signal of the final short vowel, i or u, in an utterance. It is not allowed in the case of the ‘h’ sound replacing the ‘t’ feminine marker, as in ghishāwah (2: 7). It is also not allowed in the ‘m’ marker of the plural form in the recitation that adds a long vowel ū to it in continued speech, as in tundhirhumū lā yuʾminūn (2: 6). Further, it is not allowed in words with an inserted short vowel as when separating two consecutive consonants without short vowels. In the case of the third-person pronoun ‘h’, there are two views concerning the applicability of ishmām.